By: Hossein Amir-Abdollahian Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Islamic Republic of Iran

Vienna Talks for the Removal of Sanctions

Iran is serious, acts in good faith, and considers the practical and tangible result to be the removal of sanctions.

Vienna Talks for the Removal of Sanctions

 

By: Hossein Amir-Abdollahian

Minister of Foreign Affairs of

the Islamic Republic of Iran

 

 

Iran is serious, acts in good faith, and considers the practical and tangible result to be the removal of sanctions.

 

The path travelled

 

The path travelled during six rounds of intensive negotiations in Vienna did not lead to success due to the US excessive demands and unrealistic stances. Now we are starting a new round of talks. The main goal of these negotiations is the restoration of the rights of the Iranian nation and removal of all the sanctions imposed unilaterally and extraterritorially on Iran by the United States which is no longer a party to the JCPOA. The US pulled out of the JCPOA on 08 May 2018–a measure perceived and condemned internationally as unlawful. There is international consensus that these unlawful US behaviors demonstrate a total contempt for the international law and the UN Charter, undermine multilateralism, and pose enormous menace to international peace and security.

 

Despite the formation of a new government in the United States, not only have the illegal and unilateral sanctions remained in place, but the policy of imposing sanctions on Iran has continued to exist. It is crystal clear that such US measures are aimed at preventing Iran and other JCPOA participants as well as other members of the international community from enjoying the rights and benefits described in the nuclear deal and UNSC Resolution 2231. Regrettably, too, the governments of the three European parties to the JCPOA, despite considering such a US approach as illegal and unacceptable, moved to accommodate it in practice with their silence and inaction. The alignment of the three JCPOA European countries with such devastating US measures has rendered the nuclear deal ineffective, eliminating all the economic dividends of the deal for Iran. These are the bitter realities of the past several years which should illuminate the way forward to the future. 

 

Continuing Trump’s disastrous approach by the present US administration has raised the serious question of whether or not the present US administration is truly determined to implement its obligations and prepared to abandon the past failed policies. Answering this question does not appear difficult considering the US approach and measures during the past months. 

 

No one can indeed question Iran’s seriousness and goodwill in fulfilling its obligations in their entirety. After the unlawful US withdrawal and the imposition of sanctions, Iran refrained from remedial measures in good faith, and, granting the request of the remaining JCPOA participants and the European Union as the coordinator of the nuclear deal, avoided resorting to the cessation of its commitments under the JCPOA so as to provide the opportunity for other JCPOA participants to compensate for the negative impacts of the US withdrawal. However, given the persistence of this unconstructive state of affairs and after one year of strategic patience, due to the escalation of US sanctions, and non-performance of the obligations of the three European countries, Iran was left with no choice but to enforce its rights as set forth in paragraphs 26 and 36 of the JCPOA and cease, partially and in stages, performing its obligations as of 08 May 2019. 

 

Witnessing no change in the status quo, in the absence of an effective measure by the relevant JCPOA participants, and given the regrettable history of developments, the parliament of Iran adopted, on 02 December 2020, the law of “the strategic action plan to lift sanctions and protect the interests of the Iranian nation”. This law obligated the government of Iran to gradually cease the implementation of all its voluntary commitments under the JCPOA unless other parties to the deal fulfill their entire obligations in practice. 

 

The path ahead of Vienna talks

The Islamic Republic of Iran, in spite of significant non-performance by the West in the JCPOA, is once again ready, in good faith, for result-oriented negotiations to achieve a “good deal” with P4+1.  The Islamic Republic of Iran has "good faith", serious determination, and the necessary will to reach a good deal in Vienna. 

 

In this process, it should never be forgotten that the United States is the main culprit behind the creation of the status quo. In the past four years, the government of the United States has spared no effort to crush the nuclear deal, and it was Iran that did all it could to keep the deal alive. What became evident to Iran during the past six rounds of negotiations is that the United States still fails to properly understand the fact that there is no way to return to the JCPOA without verifiable and effective lifting of all sanctions imposed on the Iranian nation after the US departure. 

 

The United Nations Security Council Resolution 2231 calls upon all the member states to “take such actions as may be appropriate to support the implementation of the JCPOA, including by taking actions commensurate with the implementation plan set out in the JCPOA and this resolution and by refraining from actions that undermine the implementation of commitments under the JCPOA.”

 

The main objective of the upcoming talks should be the full and effective implementation of the JCPOA and the pursuit of the goal of normalization of trade relations and economic cooperation with Iran. It goes without saying that in order to return to the JCPOA, Iran should benefit fully from the lifting of all the sanctions. Iran is prepared to cease application of all its remedial measures if guarantees are provided, damages are assessed, and all sanctions are effectively and verifiably lifted.

 

The likely return of the US to the nuclear deal would not be meaningful unless guarantees are presented to prevent the recurrence of the bitter experience of the past and Iran’s trade partners could confidently enter into long term economic engagement with Iran free from any concern. 

 

What is clear in the forthcoming negotiations is that Iran will not accept requests beyond the JCPOA. The Islamic Republic of Iran will not enter into any discussion whatsoever about issues beyond the nuclear deal.

 

I would like to emphasize once again that this opportunity is not a window that could remain open forever and the US and the three European countries must well understand this. The Islamic Republic of Iran, while making its determined, strong and active diplomatic efforts to remove the oppressive US sanctions, has devised an effective program to neutralize the sanctions in line with its sustainable economic development program. 

 

Without doubt, Tehran remains as committed to maintaining and safeguarding the achievements of its nuclear scientists and peaceful nuclear industry as it remains obliged to non-diversion from its peaceful nuclear program, and will not abandon its comprehensive development in industry, trade, maritime, space, defense, science, and technology sectors, nor will it curtail its increasing economic development.

 

Deal is possible if other parties demonstrate political will in practice. 

 

Despite the unfulfilled promises of the West and distrust towards the unconstructive approach and policies of the White House, the Islamic Republic of Iran will endeavor "with true determination" and "in good faith" in Vienna negotiations to achieve a "good," sustainable and effective verifiable deal for the lifting of sanctions. The nuclear negotiating team of the Islamic Republic of Iran engages actively and earnestly in Vienna negotiations in good faith, pursuing a negotiation logic which secures the interests and rights of the Iranian nation. My colleagues and I fully support the negotiating team as well as the chief negotiator, Mr. Baqeri Kani, who has extensive experience of negotiation in the field. I will engage in further consultation with my counterparts if necessary.

Pregovori u Beču za ukidanje sankcija

 

Hossein Amir-Abdollahijan, Ministar spoljnih poslova Islamske Republike Iran

 

Iran je ozbiljan, deluje sa dobrom namerom i smatra da praktični i konkretni rezultat treba da bude ukidanje sankcija

 

Put kojim se išlo

 

Putem kojim se išlo tokom šest rundi intenzivnih pregovora u Beču nije vodio uspehu zbog američkih preteranih zahteva i nerealističnih stavova. Sada započinjemo jednu novu rudnu razgovora. Glavni cilj ovih pregovora je obnavljanje prava iranskog naroda i ukidanje svih sankcija nametnutih Iranu unilateralno i ekstrateritorijalno od strane SAD koje više nisu deo Zajedničkog sveobuhvatnog plana akcije (JCPOA). SAD su se povukle iz JCPOA 8.maja 2018.godine - korak koji je viđen i osuđen na međunarodnom planu kao nezakonit. Postoji međunarodni konsenzus da ovakva nezakonita ponašanja SAD demonstriraju potpuni prezir prema međunarodnom zakonu i Povelji UN, narušava multilateralizam i predstavlja veliku opasnost po međunarodni mir i bezbednost.

 

Bez obzira na formiranje nove vlade SAD, ne samo da su nelegalne i unilateralne sankcije i dalje ostale na snazi, već se sa politikom nametanja sankcija Iranu nastavilo. Kristalno je jasno da su takve mere SAD usmerene da spreče Iran i drugi učesnice JCPOA, kao i druge članove međunarodne zajednice da uživaju prava i benefite predviđene u nuklearnom sporazumu i Rezoluciji 2231 SBUN. Nažalost, takođe, vlade tri evropske učesnice JCPOA, usprkos tome što je takav pristup SAD nelegalan i neprihvatljiv, krenule su da im udovoljavaju u praksi svojim ćutanjem i nedelanjem.  Slaganje ove tri JCPOA evropske zemlje  sa tako razornim američkim merama učinilo je da nuklearni sporazum bude nedelotvoran, eliminišući za Iran sve ekonomske dividende sporazuma. Ovo je gorka stvarnost proteklih nekoliko godina koja bi trebalo da osvetli put prema budućnosti.

 

Nastavljanjem Trampovog razornog pristupa od strane sadašnje američke vlade postavlja se ozbiljno pitanje da li je ili nije sadašnja američka vlada zaista odlučna da primeni svoje obaveze i spremna da napusti prošle propale politike. Odgovor na ovo pitanje ne izgleda da je teško  s obzirom na američki stav i mere tokom prethodnih meseci.

 

Niko zaista ne može dovesti u pitanje ozbiljnost i dobru nameru Irana kad je reč o ispunjavanju svojih obaveza u celosti. Nakon nezakonitog povlačenja SAD i nametanja sankcija, Iran se uzdržao od korektivnih mera u dobroj nameri, i prihvatanjem zahteva preostalih zemalja učesnica JCPOA i EU kao koordinatora nuklearnog sporazuma, izbegao pribegavanje prekidu svojih obaveza prema JCPOA, kako bi omogućio priliku da druge  učesnice JCPOA kompenziraju za negativne učinke američkog povlačenja. Međutim, s obzirom na upornost ovakvog nekonstruktivnog stanja stvari i nakon jednogodišnjeg strateškog strpljenja, zbog pooštravanja američkih sankcija, neizvršavanje obaveza od strane tri evropske zemlje, Iranu nije preostalo ništa drugo nego da primeni svoja prava predviđena članom 26 i 36 JCPOA i prekine parcijalno i fazno izvršavanje svojih obaveza od 08.maja 2019.godine.

 

Videvši da nema promene u statusu kvo, u odsustvu delotvornih mera od strane relevantnih učesnica JCPOA, i s obzirom na žalosnu prošlost dešavanja, parlament Irana je 2.decembra 2020.godine usvojio zakon „strateški plan akcije za ukidanje sankcija i zaštite interesa iranskog naroda“. Ovaj zakon je obavezao vladu Irana da postepeno ukida primenu svih svojih dobrovoljnih obaveza prema JCPOA ukoliko druge strane u sporazumu ne ispune u praksi sve svoje obaveze.

 

Put pre pregovora u Beču

 

Islamska Republika Iran, i pored toga što Zapad u značajnoj meri nije izvršavao svoje obaveze u pogledu JCPOA, spremna je još jednom, u dobroj nameri, na pregovore koji su usmereni na ostvarenje rezultata da bi se postigao „dobar sporazum“ sa P4+1. Islamska Republika Iran ima „dobru nameru“, ozbiljnu odlučnost i potrebnu volju da se postigne jedan dobar sporazum u Beču.

 

U ovom procesu, ne bi trebalo da se nikad zaboravi da su SAD jedini krivac za stvaranje statusa kvo. Proteklih 4 godine, vlada SAD nije štedela truda da sruši nuklearni sporazum, a Iran je činio sve što je mogao da održi taj sporazum živim. Ono što je postalo očigledno tokom proteklih šest rundi pregovora je da SAD još ne shvataju činjenicu da nema povratka JCPOA bez potvrđenog i delotvornog ukidanja svih sankcija nametnutih iranskom narodu nakon izlaska SAD.

 

Rezolucija 2231 SBUN poziva sve zemlje članice „da preduzmu odgovarajuće akcije da podrže primenu JCPOA, uključujući akcije u saglasnosti sa primenom plana zacrtanim u JCPOA i ovoj rezoluciji, i uzdržavanjem od aktivnosti koje podrivaju primenu obaveza po JCPOA.“

 

Glavni cilj predstojećih pregovora treba da bude puna i efikasna primena JCPOA i težnja ka cilju normalizacije trgovinskih odnosa i ekonomske saradnje sa Iranom. Podrazumeva se da bi se vratio u JCPOA, Iran mora da da ima koristi u potpunosti od ukidanja svih sankcija.  Iran je spreman ukine primenu svih korektivnih mera ukoliko se obezbede garancije, proceni šteta i sve sankcije da budu ukinute efikasno i verifikovano.   

 

Mogući povratak SAD nuklearnom sporazumu neće imati smisla ukoliko se ne daju garancije da će se sprečiti ponavljanje gorkog iskustva iz prošlosti i da iranski trgovinski partneri mogu sa poverenjem ući u dugoročne ekonomske aranžmane sa Iranom bez ikakvih briga.  

Ono što je jasno u vezi sa predstojećim pregovorima je da Iran neće prihvatiti nikakve zahteve mimo JCPOA. Islamska Republika Iran neće ulaziti u nikakve diskusiju o pitanjima van nuklearnog sporazuma.

 

Ponovo želim da naglasim da ova prilika nije prozor koji može zauvek ostati otvoren i da SAD i tri evropske zemlje ovo moraju dobro shvatiti. Islamska Republika Iran, ulažući svoje odlučne, snažne i aktivne diplomatske napore radi ukidanja ugnjetavačkih američkih sankcija, osmislila je efikasan program da neutrališe sankcije u skladu sa održivim ekonomskim razvojnim programom.

 

Nesumnjivo, Teheran ostaje posvećen održavanju i čuvanju dostignuća svojih nuklearnih naučnika i miroljubivoj nuklearnoj industriji, kao što ostaje posvećen nepreusmeravanju svog miroljubivog nuklearnog programa, i neće napustiti sveukupni razvoj u industriji, trgovini, pomorstvu, svemirskom, odbrambenom, naučnom i tehnološkom sektoru, niti će smanjiti svoj sve veći ekonomski razvoj.

 

Sporazum je moguć ukoliko druge strane pokažu političku volju u praksi.

 

I pored neispunjenih obećanja Zapada i nepoverenja prema nekonstruktivnom pristupu i politikama Bele kuće, Islamska Republika Iran će nastojati „istinskom odlučnošću“ i „u dobroj nameri“ u vezi sa pregovorima u Beču da postigne „dobar“, održiv i efikasan i siguran sporazum za ukidanje sankcija. Nuklearni pregovarački tim Islamske Republike Iran angažuje se aktivno i iskreno u pregovorima u Beču u dobroj nameri, težeći pregovaračkoj logici koja obezbeđuje interese i prava iranskog naroda. Moje kolege i ja u potpunosti podržavamo pregovarački tim i šefa pregovaračkog tima gospodina Baqeri Kanija, koji ima bogato iskustvo u pregovaranju ovom polju. Ja ću se angažovati u daljim konsultacijama sa mojim kolegama ako bude bilo potrebno.